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In most cases, I use ambient light to create my photographs but sometimes I have to use my external flash. My goal when using a flash in nature photography is to capture the image so it is not obvious to the viewer that a flash was used in the process. I had to use my flash because the wind was moving these flowers a tiny bit. The closer you are to a subject the more any movement will show up. Also, I had to set my lens to F22 so that I could get both flowers sharp. I set my focus manually one third of the way into the scene. Macro photography requires much more technical skill than most other kinds of outdoor photography. F22 at 1/30, ISO 3200, 105mm lens at 105mm

These tiny cardinal flowers stuck out like a sore thumb in the dimly lit woods at P.J. Hoffmaster State Park. I have only seen flowers like this a few times in my life. I was so glad that my friend Jennifer had her 105mm macro lens with her because I had left mine in the truck. F3.3 at 1/15, ISO 100, 105mm lens at 105mm

Looking a lot like small wild sunflowers, Jerusalem artichoke has found a happy home at P.J. Hoffmaster State Park in Muskegon, Michigan. The colorful flowers, sometimes called sun root, bloom late in the summer. I find a view with dark woods behind that I know will become a simple, black background when I expose properly for the flowers. F20 at 0.8, ISO 400, 80-200mm lens at 200mm

I have not spent much time at the Nordhouse Dunes Federal Wilderness that is located along Lake Michigan between Hamlin Lake and Manistee. Just recently my dad told me about a small lake he read about called Nordhouse Lake. Early this morning we headed out to photograph the lake at sunrise. When we arrived we were shocked to learn that because of the hot weather and drought this year, the lake had dried up. Instead of finding water, we found a giant field of wildflowers. F22 at 1/100, ISO 400, 18-55mm lens at 18mm

With a single lens reflex camera, the viewfinder shows the image at the largest aperture available to the lens in use. In this photo, I had my camera on full manual and set my aperture to F22, yet in the viewfinder I saw the photo at F2.8. I often use my depth of field preview button to see what the final photo will look like in terms of depth of field. F22 at 1/10, ISO 800, 105mm lens at 105mm

Finding flowers in bloom on a cold December day is always a treat for an outdoor photographer. With the largest telephoto lens that we own, I made this image on the campus of Western Michigan University. Both of my brothers went to Western for parts of their college education and I grew up going to an annual soccer camp put on by Western's soccer team. F4 at 1/4000, ISO 1600, 600mm lens at 600mm